Babu, K K; Dr. Beena, K S(Cochin University of Science and Technology, May , 2007)
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Abstract:
The increasing tempo of construction activity the world over creates heavy pressure
on existing land space. The quest for new and competent site often points to the needs
for improving existing sites, which are otherwise deemed unsuitable for adopting
conventional foundations. This is accomplished by ground improvement methods,
which are employed to improve the quality of soil incompetent in their natural state.
Among the construction activities, a well-connected road network is one of the basic
infrastructure requirements, which play a vital role for the fast and comfortable
movement of inter- regional traffic in countries like India.One of the innovative ground improvement techniques practised all over the world is
the use of geosynthetics, which include geotextiles, geomembranes, geogrids, etc .
They offer the advantages such as space saving, enviromnental sensitivity, material
availability, technical superiority, higher cost savings, less construction time, etc .
Because of its fundamental properties, such as tensile strength, filtering and water
permeability, a geotextile inserted between the base material and sub grade can
function as reinforcement, a filter medium, a separation layer and as a drainage
medium. Though polymeric geotextiles are used in abundant quantities, the use of
natural geotextiles (like coir, jute, etc.) has yet to get momentum. This is primarily
due to the lack of research work on natural geotextilcs for ground improvement,
particularly in the areas of un paved roads. Coir geotextiles are best suited for low cost
applications because of its availability at low prices compared to its synthetic
counterparts. The proper utilisation of coir geotextilcs in various applications demands large quantities of the product, which in turn can create a boom in the coir
industry. The present study aims at exploring the possibilities of utilising coir
geotextiles for unpaved roads and embankments.The properties of coir geotextiles used have been evaluated. The properties studied
include mass per unit area, puncture resistance, tensile strength, secant modulus, etc .
The interfacial friction between soils and three types of coir geotextiles used was also
evaluated. It was found that though the parameters evaluated for coir geotextiles have
low values compared to polymeric geotextiles, the former are sufficient for use in
unpaved roads and embankments. The frictional characteristics of coir geotextile - soil
interfaces are extremely good and satisfy the condition set by the International
Geosynthetic Society for varied applications.The performance of coir geotextiles reinforced subgrade was studied by conducting
California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests. Studies were made with coir geotextiles placed
at different levels and also in multiple layers. The results have shown that the coir
geotextile enhances the subgrade strength. A regression analysis was perfonned and a
mathematical model was developed to predict the CBR of the coir geotextile
reinforced subgrade soil as a function of the soil properties, coir geotextile properties,
and placement depth of reinforcement.The effects of coir geotextiles on bearing capacity were studied by perfonning plate
load tests in a test tan1e This helped to understand the functioning of geotextile as
reinforcement in unpaved roads and embankments. The perfonnance of different
types of coir geotextiles with respect to the placement depth in dry and saturated
conditions was studied. The results revealed that the bearing capacity of coir-reinforced soil is increasing irrespective of the type of coir geotextiles and saturation
condition.The rut behaviour of unreinforced and coir reinforced unpaved road sections were
compared by conducting model static load tests in a test tank and also under repetitive
loads in a wheel track test facility. The results showed that coir geotextiles could
fulfill the functions as reinforcement and as a separator, both under static and
repetitive loads. The rut depth was very much reduced whik placing coir geotextiles
in between sub grade and sub base.In order to study the use of Coir geotextiles in improving the settlement
characteristics, two types of prefabricated COlf geotextile vertical drains were
developed and their time - settlement behaviour were studied. Three different
dispositions were tried. It was found that the coir geotextile drains were very effective
in reducing consolidation time due to radial drainage. The circular drains in triangular
disposition gave maximum beneficial effect.In long run, the degradation of coir geotextile is expected, which results in a soil -
fibre matrix. Hence, studies pertaining to strength and compressibility characteristics
of soil - coir fibre composites were conducted. Experiments were done using coir
fibres having different aspect ratios and in different proportions. The results revealed
that the strength of the soil was increased by 150% to 200% when mixed with 2% of
fibre having approximately 12mm length, at all compaction conditions. Also, the
coefficient of consolidation increased and compression index decreased with the
addition of coir fibre.Typical design charts were prepared for the design of coir geotextile reinforced
unpaved roads. Some illustrative examples are also given. The results demonstrated that a considerable saving in subase / base thickness can he achieved with the use of
eoir geotextiles, which in turn, would save large quantities of natural aggregates.
Description:
Division of Civil Engineering,
Cochin University of Science and Technology
Anil, Loveson; Rajathy, Sivalingam(Cochin University of Science And Technology, August , 2014)
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Abstract:
One of the objectives of the current investigation was to evaluate the effectiveness of Spirodela polyrhiza to remove heavy metals and other contaminants from the water samples collected from wetland sites of Eloor and Kannamaly under controlled conditions .The results obtained from the current study suggest that the test material S. polyrrhiza should be used in the biomonitoring and phytoremediation of municipal, agricultural and industrial effluents because of their simplicity, sensitivity and cost-effectiveness. The study throws light on the potential of this plant which can be used as an assessment tool in two diverse wetland in Ernakulum district. The results show the usefulness of combining physicochemical analysis with bioassays as such approach ensures better understanding of the toxicity of chemical pollutants and their influence on plant health. The results shows the suitability of Spirodela plant for surface water quality assessment as all selected parameters showed consistency with respect to water samples collected over a 3-monitoring periods. Similarly the relationship between the change in exposure period (2, 4 and 8 days) with the parameters were also studied in detail. Spirodela are consistent test material as they are homogeneous plant material; due to predominantly vegetative reproduction. New fronds are formed by clonal propagation thus, producing a population of genetically homogeneous plants. The result is small variability between treated individuals. It has been observed that phytoremediation of water samples collected from Eloor and Kannamaly using the floating plant system is a predominant method which is economic to construct, requires little maintenance and eco friendly.
Ganapathy, Rajendran; Dr.Kuriakose, A P(Cochin University of Science and Technology, August 21, 1995)
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Abstract:
The thesis consists of seven chapters. The first
chapter is a general introduction on rice by-products,
their composition and utilization at present. The
different milling processes adopted in paddy and the major
by-products obtained from these processes viz. rice husk,
rice bran, rice bran oil and rice husk ash are described.
The physical properties and chemical composition of the
rice husk and its general uses are given in detail. The
chemical composition of the rice bran and its separation
from paddy is also included. The details of solvent
extraction process used for obtaining rice bran oil and
also its chemical constitution is discussed in this
chapter. Also described is the preparation and the
different uses of rice husk ash. A literature survey is
also done on the utilization of rice by-products in rubber
and plastics as on today. The scope and objectives of the
present study is also included at the end of this chapter.
Description:
Department of
Polymer Science and Rubber Technology, Cochin University of
Science and Technology
Thomas,C J; Dr.Ramachandra, Poduval P(Cochin University of Science And Technology, April , 1997)
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Abstract:
The present study is on
value orientation of professional students•and as such the theoretical value is
inherent and implied. Variation on this value is likely to be limited among
the subjects.
The relevance of the present study is with particular reference, to
management as a profession. In organisational settings motivation plays an
important role. According to McClelland's theory of needs, achievement,
power, and affiliation are the three important needs that help in understanding
motivation. Achieve~ent need may be defined as the drive to excel, to achieve
in relation to a set of standards, and to strive to succeed. Some people have a
compelling drive to succeed. They have a desire to do something better or
more efficiently than it has been done before. McClelland found that high
achievers differentiate themselves from others by their desire to do things
. better. Considering this fact, 'achievement' is included as one of the values
for the study
Description:
School of Management Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology
Radhika, T; Dr.Mohanan, P V; Dr.Sugunan, S(Cochin University of Science and Technology, November 23, 2005)
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Abstract:
The selective oxidation of alkylaromatics is one of the main processes since the reaction products are important as intermediates in numerous industrial organic chemicals. Side-chain oxidation of alkyl aromatic compounds catalyzed by heterogeneous catalysts using cleaner peroxide oxidants is an especially attractive goal since classical synthetic laboratory procedures preferably use permanganate or acid dichromate as stoichiometric oxidants. In spite of many studies, there are very few which use hydrogen peroxide as a source of oxygen in the C-H activation of alkanes. Eflective utilization of ethylbenzene, available in the xylene stream of the petrochemical industry to more value added products is a promising one in chemical industry. The oxidation products of ethylbenzene are widely employed as intermediates in organic, steroid and resin synthesis.
Description:
Department of Chemistry, Cochin University of Science andTechnology,
Surekhamol, I S; Dr.Bright Singh,I S(Cochin University of Science and Technology, November , 2012)
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Abstract:
Aquaculture is a global industry providing food and employment thereby contributing to the economy. For the sustenance of aquaculture, disease management is a major requirement. Among the bacterial pathogens Vibrio harveyi remains to be the major one especially in shrimp culture systems. Rapid
and mass mortality of shrimp larvae due to Vibrio harveyi infection is well known, and the pathogen causes serious economic losses in grow out systems as well. It suggests that a well defined management strategy has to be built up to protect the crop from Vibrio harveyi infection in aquaculture systems. Antibiotics have been the choice for quite some times which led to residues in meat and development of multidrug resistant bacteria which invited ban on their application. In this context several alternate options have been thought off such as probiotics, immunostimulants and vaccines. Phage therapy is yet another option. Phages being natural parasites of bacteria and are abundant in aquatic environments their application to control bacterial pathogens in aquaculture has commendable potential in lieu of antibiotics. For that matter the therapeutic effect of phages has been proven in several antibiotic resistant pathogens inclusive of Vibrio harveyi.
Description:
National Centre for Aquatic Animal
Health, School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology
Anil Kumar, R; Dr.George, Varghese K(Cochin University Of Science And Technology, November , 2012)
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Abstract:
This study analyses the socio-economic backgrounds and entrepreneurial
profiles of the students and pass outs of the Vocational Higher Secondary
Education in Kerala and the academic achievements of the Vocational Higher
Secondary students and pass outs in Kerala in terms of their performance in the
examinations. The study also analyses the quality and availability of the various
training and support facilities of the Vocational Higher Secondary Schools in
Kerala, nature and rate of employment and higher studies among the pass outs
of the Vocational Higher Secondary Education in Kerala and the awareness of
students, pass outs, teachers and principals regarding the goals and objectives,
mode of implementation, apprenticeship training and higher study and
employment opportunities of the programme of the Vocational Higher
Secondary Education in Kerala.
Description:
School of Management Studies,
Cochin University of Science and Technology
Laina, A L; Dr.Girish Kumar, K(Cochin University Of Science And Technology, April , 2013)
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Abstract:
Electrochemical sensors are increasingly being investigated to perform
measurements for single or multiple analytes. Demanded by modern medical
diagnosis, advances in microfabrication technology have led to the development
of fast, sensitive and selective electrochemical sensors for drug analysis.
Electrochemical sensors for the measurement of analytes of interest in clinical
chemistry are ideally suited for these applications, due to their high sensitivity
and selectivity, simple-to-operate, rapid response time and low-cost.
As part of the present investigations eight voltammetric sensors have been
fabricated for six drugs such as PAM Chloride, Tamsulosin Hydrochloride,
Hesperidin Methyl Chalcone, Guaiphenesin, Cephalexin and Amoxicillin
trihydrate. The modification techniques adopted as part of the present work
include multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) based modifications,
electropolymerization, gold nanoparticle (AuNP) based modifications and
platinum nanoparticle (PtNP) based modifications.
The thesis is divided into nine chapters
Description:
Department of Applied Chemistry
Cochin University of Science and Technology