Abdussamad, E M; Dr.Gopinatha Menon, N(Cochin University of Science and Technology, June , 2001)
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Abstract:
present work deals with the various aspects of population characteristics of penaeus indicus ,Metapenaeus dobsoni and metapenaeus monoceros during their nursery phase in tidal ponds and adjacent backwaters.Importance of the present study is to suggest scientific basis for the management of penaeid resources in tidal ponds and backwaters based on their biological characteristics to ensure better yield.Seasonal closure of fishing will be effective in improving the size of the shrimp at harvest.Hydrology of tidal ponds varied with location, but showed a common seasonal pattem.Seasonal variation in temperature was very small. It fluctuated between 27.5 to 32.3°C in tidalponds and 26.9 to 29.9°C in open backwaters.Improvement of nursery habitats with due consideration for biological requirements of the resource will ensure better growth, survival and abundance of the stock.The recruitment, growth and emigration data of prawns from their nurseries can be used successfully for fishery forecasting. projecting juvenile growth forward through time, it is possible to establish, which cohort contributes to offshore fishery each year. So, by interpreting the recruitment and growth data of species in their nurseries with offshore catch data, fishery can be forecasted successfully.
Description:
Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi
Bindhu,Paul; George,M K(ICAR, CMFRI, November , 2000)
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Abstract:
The thesis contains the results of an investigation on the " Population Genetic Structure of the Penaeus indicus " from southeast and southwest coasts of India. The P.indicus, popularly known as the Indian white prawn, is distributed widely in the Indo-Pacific, starting from New South wales in Australia in the east to the east coast of Africa in the west. Its heavy demand in the export market, the species has been exploited intensively from all along its areas of distribution in Indian waters. The population genetic characteristics of the species were examined by three independent but complementary techniques, namely, morphometrics (truss network), biochemical genetics (isozyme electrophoresis ) and molecular genetics (RFLP and RAPD). The east and west coast populations of the species may be genetically different. Due to certain constraints, the results obtained from the studies of restriction fragment length 70 polymorphism (RFLP) were limited. The significant difference in the number of bands in the sample populations strongly suggests that these two populations have considerably different population genetic structures
Mohandas, N N; Dr.George, M K(Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Central Marine Fisheries Institute, January , 1997)
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Abstract:
The objective of present investigation was to study the population genetic structure of S. longiceps by applying three different basic population genetic techniques such as cytogenetics, non-enzymatic biochemicalgenetics (general protein) and morphomeristics/metrics.
Navas, K A; Dr.Mathew, K J(Cochin University of Science and Technology, March , 1993)
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Abstract:
Coral Reefs are marine, biogenic, wave resistant carbonate structures,
formed of the skeletal remains of hermatypic, or reef building organisms.
The main reef builders are calcifying Rhodophytes, molluscs, sponges, polychaetes and Cnidarians. Among them, scleractinian corals and hydrocorallians are by far the most important contributors to the formation of reefs. Coral reefs cover approximately 600 thousand square kilometers of the earth's surface (Crossland fl a_1., 1991) which is about 2x106 square kilometres of tropical oceans.
Simi Joseph,P; Dr.Rosamma,Philip(Cochin University of Science & Technology, July , 2009)
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Abstract:
The main source of protein for human and animal consumption is from
the agricultural sector, where the production is vulnerable to diseases,
fluctuations in climatic conditions and deteriorating hydrological conditions due
to water pollution. Therefore Single Cell Protein (SCP) production has evolved
as an excellent alternative. Among all sources of microbial protein, yeast has
attained global acceptability and has been preferred for SCP production. The
screening and evaluation of nutritional and other culture variables of
microorganisms are very important in the development of a bioprocess for SCP
production. The application of statistical experimental design in bioprocess
development can result in improved product yields, reduced process variability,
closer confirmation of the output response to target requirements and reduced
development time and overall cost.The present work was undertaken to develop a bioprocess technology for
the mass production of a marine yeast, Candida sp.S27. Yeasts isolated from the
offshore waters of the South west coast of India and maintained in the
Microbiology Laboratory were subjected to various tests for the selection of a
potent strain for biomass production. The selected marine yeast was identified
based on ITS sequencing. Biochemical/nutritional characterization of Candida
sp.S27 was carried out. Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) the
process parameters (pH, temperature and salinity) were optimized. For mass
production of yeast biomass, a chemically defined medium (Barnett and Ingram,
1955) and a crude medium (Molasses-Yeast extract) were optimized using
RSM. Scale up of biomass production was done in a Bench top Fermenter using
these two optimized media. Comparative efficacy of the defined and crude
media were estimated besides nutritional evaluation of the biomass developed
using these two optimized media.
Description:
Dept. of Marine Biology, Microbiology and
Biochemistry, Cochin University of Science and
Technology,
Maya Paul, T; Dr.Saramma, A V(Cochin University of Science & Technology, 2005)
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Abstract:
This thesis presents a detailed account of a cost - effective approach
towards enhanced production of alkaline protease at profitable levels using
different fermentation designs employing cheap agro-industrial residues. It
involves the optimisation of process parameters for the production of a
thermostable alkaline protease by Vibrio sp. V26 under solid state,
submerged and biphasic fermentations, production of the enzyme using cell
immobilisation technology and the application of the crude enzyme on the
deproteinisation of crustacean waste.The present investigation suggests an economic move towards
Improved production of alkaline protease at gainful altitudes employing
different fermentation designs utilising inexpensive agro-industrial residues.
Moreover, the use of agro-industrial and other solid waste substrates for
fermentation helps to provide a substitute in conserving the already dwindling
global energy resources. Another alternative for accomplishing economically
feasible production is by the use of immobilisation technique. This method
avoids the wasteful expense of continually growing microorganisms. The
high protease producing potential of the organism under study ascertains
their exploitation in the utilisation and management of wastes. However,
strain improvement studies for the production of high yielding variants using
mutagens or by gene transfer are required before recommending them to
Industries.Industries, all over the world, have made several attempts to exploit
the microbial diversity of this planet. For sustainable development, it is
essential to discover, develop and defend this natural prosperity. The
Industrial development of any country is critically dependent on the intellectual
and financial investment in this area. The need of the hour is to harness the
beneficial uses of microbes for maximum utilisation of natural resources and
technological yields. Owing to the multitude of applications in a variety of
industrial sectors, there has always been an increasing demand for novel
producers and resources of alkaline proteases as well as for innovative
methods of production at a commercial altitude. This investigation forms a
humble endeavour towards this perspective and bequeaths hope and
inspiration for inventions to follow.
Mini Sekharan,N; Ramachandran, A(School of Industrial Fisheries, 2006)
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Abstract:
In this study prospects of marketing the indigenous ornamental fishes of kerala, point out that the export market, consumer preferences in the domestic ornamental fishes, SWOT (strength weakness opportunities and threats) analysis etc. The study notes that the product indigenous ornamental fishes are mostely marketed by exporters and suppliers rather than the retail aquarium shopkeepers. The research findings on the attributes of indigenous ornamental fishes that matches customers preference in aquarium fish.SWOT analysis was carried out to classify the results of the study into strengths,weakness,opportunities and threats faced by the ornamental fish industry in kerala. The marketers in the study show less market perception compaired to the exporters of India. Rather than market survey, interest and experience and raw materials availability inspires them. The developments for large scale marketing have to be carried out, ensuring the sustainable exploitation of the wild fish population by adopting conservation measures such as breeding programmes, quota implementation, setting up of natural sanctuaries to protect the natural resource of ornamental fishes.
Salas, P M; Sujatha, C H(Cochin University Of Science And Technology, July , 2015)
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Abstract:
Cochin estuarine system is among the most productive aquatic environment along the Southwest coast of India, exhibits unique ecological features and possess greater socioeconomic relevance. Serious investigations carried out during the past decades on the hydro biogeochemical variables pointed out variations in the health and ecological functioning of this ecosystem. Characterisation of organic matter in the estuary has been attempted in many investigations. But detailed studies covering the degradation state of organic matter using molecular level approach is not attempted. The thesis entitled Provenance, Isolation and Characterisation of Organic Matter in the Cochin Estuarine Sediment-“ A Diagenetic Amino Acid Marker Scenario” is an integrated approach to evaluate the source, quantity, quality, and degradation state of the organic matter in the surface sediments of Cochin estuarine system with the combined application of bulk and molecular level tools. Sediment and water samples from nine stations situated at Cochin estuary were collected in five seasonal sampling campaigns, for the biogeochemical assessment and their distribution pattern of sedimentary organic matter. The sampling seasons were described and abbreviated as follows: April- 2009 (pre monsoon: PRM09), August-2009 (monsoon: MON09), January-2010 (post monsoon: POM09), April-2010 (pre monsoon: PRM10) and September- 2012 (monsoon: MON12). In order to evaluate the general environmental conditions of the estuary, water samples were analysed for water quality parameters, chlorophyll pigments and nutrients by standard methods. Investigations suggested the fact that hydrographical variables and nutrients in Cochin estuary supports diverse species of flora and fauna. Moreover the sedimentary variables such as pH, Eh, texture, TOC, fractions of nitrogen and phosphorous were determined to assess the general geochemical setting as well as redox status. The periodically fluctuating oxic/ anoxic conditions and texture serve as the most significant variables controlling other variables of the aquatic environment. The organic matter in estuary comprise of a complex mixture of autochthonous as well as allochthonous materials. Autochthonous input is limited or enhanced by the nutrient elements like N and P (in their various fractions), used as a tool to evaluate their bioavailability. Bulk parameter approach like biochemical composition, stoichiometric elemental ratios and stable carbon isotope ratio was also employed to assess the quality and quantity of sedimentary organic matter in the study area. Molecular level charactersation of free sugars and amino acids were carried out by liquid chromatographic techniques. Carbohydrates are the products of primary production and their occurrence in sediments as free sugars can provide information on the estuarine productivity. Amino acid biogeochemistry provided implications on the system productivity, nature of organic matter as well as degradation status of the sedimentary organic matter in the study area. The predominance of carbohydrates over protein indicated faster mineralisation of proteinaceous organic matter in sediments and the estuary behaves as a detrital trap for the accumulation of aged organic matter. The higher lipid content and LPD/CHO ratio pointed towards the better food quality that supports benthic fauna and better accumulation of lipid compounds in the sedimentary environment. Allochthonous addition of carbohydrates via terrestrial run off was responsible for the lower PRT/CHO ratio estimated in thesediments and the lower ratios also denoted a detrital heterotrophic environment. Biopolymeric carbon and the algal contribution to BPC provided important information on the better understanding the trophic state of the estuarine system and the higher values of chlorophyll-a to phaeophytin ratio indicated deposition of phytoplankton to sediment at a rapid rate. The estimated TOC/TN ratios implied the combined input of both terrestrial and autochthonous organic matter to sedimentsAmong the free sugars, depleted levels of glucose in sediments in most of the stations and abundance of mannose at station S5 was observed during the present investigation. Among aldohexoses, concentration of galactose was found to be higher in most of the stationsRelative abundance of AAs in the estuarine sediments based on seasons followed the trend: PRM09-Leucine > Phenylalanine > Argine > Lysine, MON09-Lysine > Aspartic acid > Histidine > Tyrosine > Phenylalanine, POM09-Lysine > Histadine > Phenyalanine > Leucine > Methionine > Serine > Proline > Aspartic acid, PRM10-Valine > Aspartic acid > Histidine > Phenylalanine > Serine > Proline, MON12-Lysine > Phenylalanine > Aspartic acid > Histidine > Valine > Tyrsine > MethionineThe classification of study area into three zones based on salinity was employed in the present study for the sake of simplicity and generalized interpretations. The distribution of AAs in the three zones followed the trend: Fresh water zone (S1, S2):- Phenylalanine > Lysine > Aspartic acid > Methionine > Valine ῀ Leucine > Proline > Histidine > Glycine > Serine > Glutamic acid > Tyrosine > Arginine > Alanine > Threonine > Cysteine > Isoleucine. Estuarine zone (S3, S4, S5, S6):- Lysine > Aspartic acid > Phenylalanine > Leucine > Valine > Histidine > Methionine > Tyrosine > Serine > Glutamic acid > Proline > Glycine > Arginine > Alanine > Isoleucine > Cysteine > Threonine. Riverine /Industrial zone (S7, S8, S9):- Phenylalanine > Lysine > Aspartic acid > Histidine > Serine > Arginine > Tyrosine > Leucine > Methionine > Glutamic acid > Alanine > Glycine > Cysteine > Proline > Isoleucine > Threonine > Valine. The abundance of AAs like glutamic acid, aspartic acid, isoleucine, valine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine in sediments of the study area indicated freshly derived organic matter.
Purandara, B K; Dr.Dora, Y L(Cochin University of Science and Technology, August 17, 1990)
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Abstract:
This thesis is an attempt to Provenence, Sedimentetion and Geochemistry of the Modern Sediments of the Mud Banks off the Central Kerela Coast, India. In the present doctoral
work, an attempt has been made to study in detail the mud banks of central Kerala, i.e. of Narakkal, Saudi and Purakkad areas which are reported as permanent mud banks, since olden days. The studies have been conducted during the years 1985 and 1986. The important findings of the study is stated as clay mineralogical studies of the rivers, lake and mud bank sediments reveal that the dominant clay mineral is kaolinite followed by montmorillonite, illite and gibbsite. Geochemical analysis of the Vembanad lake and mud bank sediments show that the iron and manganese are widely distributed both in the lake and mud bank sediments
Description:
Marine geology division, School of marine science, Cochin University of Science and Technology
Priyaja, P; Dr.Rosamma,Philip; Dr.Bright Singh,I S(Cochin University of Science and Technology, January , 2012)
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Abstract:
Pyocyanin is a versatile and multifunctional phenazine, widely used as a bio-control agent. Besides its toxicity in higher concentration, it has been applied as bio-control agents against many pathogens including the Vibrio spp. in aquaculture systems. The exact mechanism of
the production of pyocyanin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is well known, but the
genetic modification of pyocyanin biosynthetic pathways in P. aeruginosa is not yet
experimented to improve the yield of pyocyanin production. In this context, one of
the aims of this work was to improve the yield of pyocyanin production in P.
aeruginosa by way of increasing the copy number of pyocyanin pathway genes and
their over expression. The specific aims of this work encompasses firstly, the
identification of probiotic effect of P. aeruginosa isolated from various ecological
niches, the overexpression of pyocyanin biosynthetic genes, development of an
appropriate downstream process for large scale production of pyocyanin and its
application in aquaculture industries. In addition, this work intends to examine the
toxicity of pyocyanin on various developmental stages of tiger shrimp (Penaeus
monodon), Artemia nauplii, microbial consortia of nitrifying bioreactors (Packed Bed
Bioreactor, PBBR and Stringed Bed Suspended Bioreactor, SBSBR) and in vitro cell
culture systems from invertebrates and vertebrates. The present study was undertaken
with a vision to manage the pathogenic vibrios in aquaculture through eco-friendly
and sustainable management strategies with the following objectives:
Identification of Pseudomonas isolated from various ecological niches and its antagonism to pathogenic vibrios in aquaculture.,Saline dependent production of pyocyanin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa originated from different ecological niches and their selective application in aquaculture,Cloning and overexpression of Phz genes encoding phenazine biosynthetic pathway for the enhanced production of pyocyanin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa MCCB117,Development of an appropriate downstream process for large scale production of pyocyanin from PA-pUCP-Phz++; Structural elucidation and functional analysis of the purified compoundToxicity of pyocyanin on various biological systems.
Description:
Department of Marine Biology,
Microbiology and Biochemistry
School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and
Technology