Prabhudeva,K N; Dr.Ravindranatha Menon,N(Cochin University of Science and Technology, August , 1987)
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Abstract:
In this thesis certain important aspects of heavy metal toxicity have been worked out. Recent studies have clearly shown that when experimental media contained more than one heavy metals, such metals could conspicuously influence the toxic reaction of the animals both in terms of quantity and nature. The experimental results available on individual metal toxicity show that, in majority of such results, unrealistically high concentrations of dissolved metals are involved. A remarkable number of factors have been shown to influence metal toxicity such as various environmental factors particularly temperature and salinity, the condition of the organism and the ability of some of the marine organisms to adapt to metallic contamination. Further, some of the more sensitive functions like embryonic and larval development, growth and fecundity, oxygen utilization and the function of various enzymes are found to be demonstrably sensitive in the presence of heavy metals. However, some of the above functions could be compensated for by adaptive process. If it is assumed that the presence of a single metal in higher concentrations could affect the life function of marine animals, more than one metal in the experimental media should manifest such effects in a greater scale. Commonly known as synergism or more than additivity, majority of heavy metals bring about synergistic reaction .The work presented in this thesis comprises lethal and sublethal toxicities of different salt forms of copper and silver on the brown mussel Perna indica. during the present investigation sublethal concentrations of copper and silver in their dent effects on survival, oxygen consumption, filtration, accumulation and depuration on Perna indica. The results are presented under different sections to make the presentation meaningful .
Description:
Division of Marine
Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology
Asha, M R; Dr.Kuttyamma, V J(Cochin University of Science and Technology, 2001)
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Abstract:
Asha M. R
This thesis Entitled Toxicological effects of copper and mercury on the fish macerones gulio
(hamiloton – buchanan).Chapter 1. In this chapter, a broad outline of heavy metal uptake, requirement of a suitable bio — monitoring organism, criteria for a standard test fish, and suitability of Macrones
gulig for the toxicological study are given. Chapter 2. This chapter deals with the lethal toxicity bioassays to find the 96 hr LC 50 of copper and mercury for the fish Macrones gglig. The experimental results indicated that of the two metals tested, copper was more toxic than mercury.Chapter 3. The effect of copper and mercury on the haemoglobin, haematocrit, erythrocyte count, MCV, MCH and MCHC was studied.Chapter 4. The glycogen and protein contents of liver and muscle after exposure to copper and mercury were studied. There was a significant decrease of glycogen in the liver and muscle of metal treated fishes.Chapter 5. The histopathological changes of the tissues like liver, kidney and gill after exposure to copper and mercury were studied.
Description:
School of
Marine Sciences, Department of Marinebiology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology
Shibu, Paul M; Dr.Jacob, Chacko(Cochin University of Science and Technology, April , 1992)
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Abstract:
This thesis Entitled Trace metal speciation in the cochin estuary.Natural waters provide a favourable environment for speciation studies because of the prevailing variable chemical matrix and the variety of metal forms which may exist there.An estuary is a mixing zone of riverine and oceanic waters with widely varying compositions where end members interact both physically and chemically. The trace element chemistry in the estuarine environment has been an area of considerable research in the past decades. The trace metal distribution in the Cochin estuary is considerably influenced by the tropical features of the location and by human activities. The lower Periyar river and the Cochin estuary have been particularly selected for this investigation in view of the impact of trace metals on the estuarine ecosystem as well as in attempt quantify the phenomenon of metal speciation in the waters of a tropical coastal plain waterbody. If the concentration in the water media is very low, then, many of the fractions that could be estimated by speciation schemes for metals will fall below the
detection limits, a factor which is undesirable.The study would also delineate the features of metal
speciation which modify the chemical regime of ionic elements that traverse natural boundaries in aquatic environments, especally in those tropical areas prone to multivariate geographical settings.
Description:
Chemical Oceanography Division, School of
Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology
Ratheesh Kumar, C S; Dr.Chandramohanakumar, N(Cochin University of Science and Technology, August , 2011)
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Abstract:
This thesis entitled triterpenoids as biomarkers of mangrove organic matter in cochin estuarine system.Mangrove forests, known as rainforests of the sea are one of the most important coastal ecosystems in the world in terms of primary production and coastal protection.Estuaries, the important areas of world’s coastal zones link the carbon cycle of the oceans to the continents.Three mangrove
ecosystems and three estuarine stations around Cochin region, southwest coast of India were selected for the present study. The thesis is divided into five chapters. Chapter 1 is the Introduction and it deals with the aim and scope of the present study. Chapter 2 is Materials and Methods. This chapter deals with the nature and general geographical features of the study area. It also contains the details of the sampling and analytical methodology.the present study. Chapter 3 is Geochemistry and it includes the seasonal and spatial variations of the geochemical parameters in the surface sediments.Chapter 4 is Biochemical Composition. It covers the biochemical composition of organic matter in the surface sediments to examine the quality and quantity of organic matter.Chapter 5, Triterpenoid Biomarkers in Sediments, characterize the organic matter in the sediments of the mangrove and estuarine ecosystems under study, to assess the possible sources with the help of triterpenoid biomarkers along with other lipid biomarkers.
Description:
Department of Chemical Oceanography, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology
Abhilash, S; Dr.Mohan Kumar, K(Cochin University of Science and Technology., December , 2007)
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Abstract:
The main purpose of the thesis is to improve the state of knowledge and understanding
of the physical structure of the TMCS and its short range prediction. The present
study principally addresses the fine structure, dynamics and microphysics of severe convective
storms.The structure and dynamics of the Tropical cloud clusters over Indian region is not well
understood. The observational cases discussed in the thesis are limited to the temperature
and humidity observations. We propose a mesoscale observational network along with all
the available Doppler radars and other conventional and non—conventional observations.
Simultaneous observations with DWR, VHF and UHF radars of the same cloud system will
provide new insight into the dynamics and microphysics of the clouds. More cases have to
be studied in detail to obtain climatology of the storm type passing over tropical Indian
region. These observational data sets provide wide variety of information to be assimilated
to the mesoscale data assimilation system and can be used to force CSRM.The gravity wave generation and stratosphere troposphere exchange (STE) processes
associated with convection gained a great deal of attention to modem science and meteorologist.
Round the clock observations using VHF and UHF radars along with supplementary
data sets like DWR, satellite, GPS/Radiosondes, meteorological rockets and aircrafl
observations is needed to explore the role of convection and associated energetics in detail.
Description:
Department of Atmospheric Sciences,
Cochin University of Science and Technology
Nify, Benny; Dr.Sujatha, C H(Cochin University of Science and Technology, June , 2009)
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Abstract:
The thesis deals with a benchmark study of dissolved and sedimentary sulphur
compounds which play prominent roles in the prevailing redox conditions in the
selected sites of Cochin estuarine system. Sulphur and its analogues play prominent
roles in estuarine biochemical processes. A complete knowledge on the sulphur
involvement in these processes is restricted due to the lacking of data on the organic
sulphur compounds. Sulphate and sulphide in surface and bottom water and
Sulphate, acid volatile sulphide and total sulphur in sediments were studied and
correlated to know their interrelations in determining the redox condition of the
environment. It also characterises the sediments of the sites on the basis of total
organic carbon: total sulphur ratio. The study had attempted to decrease the
concentration levels of sulphur in the sedimentary environment by the application of
a remedial measure. Knowledge of sulphur uptake by plants from prior literatures
has prompted to use phytoremediation for decreasing the sulphur concentration.
Phytoremediation is an emerging technology that uses plants to clean up or remediate
contaminated soil, sludges, sediments, and ground water through contaminant
removal, degradation or containment. The plant selected was wheat grass since
earlier studies have shown that wheat grass is effective in remediating pollutants
particularly trace metals. So reduction in the concentration of selected trace metals
was also focussed.
Description:
Department of Chemical Oceanography, Cochin University of Science and Technology
Madhusoodanan,P; Dr.Sharma,G S(Cochin University of Science and Technology, October , 1985)
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Abstract:
At intermediate depths of the Arabian Sea, the circulation and characteristics of water are more
influenced by the high saline waters from the north and low saline waters from the south of equator. The interaction of these waters which greatly differ in characteristics is less understood compared to that at the upper layers. An understanding of the nature of the intermediate waters is of vital importance not only because of the unusual characteristics of the waters but also due to the influx of the different water masses from the neighbouring Red Sea and Persian Gulf. Hence, in the present investigation, it is proposed to study the water characteristics and current structure of the intermediate waters in the Arabian Sea through the distribution of the water properties on the isanosteric surfaces of 100, 80, 60 and 4O—cl/t, vertical sections, and scatter diagrams An attempt is also made to present the potential vorticity between different steric levels to understand the circulation and mixing processes. Data collected during and subsequent to International Indian Ocean Expedition (IIOE) are used for this study. The thesis has been divided into six chapters with further sub divisions
Kurian,N P; Dr.Baba, M(Cochin University Of Science And Technology, July 2, 1987)
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Abstract:
There are basically two methods for prediction of
shallow water waves, viz. the graphical method and the
numerical method. The numerical methods are being widely
used, now—a—days, because they are fast, accurate and are
especially useful when the prediction over a large spatial
frame is required. Practically little has been done on the
development of numerical models for the prediction of height
and spectral transformation of waves as applicable to our
coasts. Synchronized deep and shallow water wave measurements
which are essential for study of wave transformation are
very much lacking for our coasts. Under these
circumstances, a comprehensive study of the wave
transformation in the shallow waters of our coast was felt
very important and is undertaken in the present
investigation.
Description:
Centre for Earth Science
Studies,Cochin University Of Science And Technology
Manjusha, M; Dr.Bright Singh,I S(School of Environmental Studies,Faculty of Marine Sciences, 2003)
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Abstract:
The present study is the first comprehensive approach towards histopathology of White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) in Penaeus indicus. WSSV could be demonstrated in the nuclei of all tissues, except those of midgut, subjected of electron microscopic observation. They were the nuclei of gill, foregut, heart, hepatopancreatic connective tissue, hindgut, nerve and dorsal aorta. A comparison was made between the electron microscopic and histopathological observations and a greater degree of correlation between the two in depicting the severity of the infection of the infection was unraveled. The study also illustrated variations in response and susceptibility of various tissues to WSSV infection. Accordingly, out of the tissues investigated, gill, foregut, hindgut and dorsal aorta exhibited advanced viral multiplication than the other tissues such as heart, midgut, nerve and hepatopancreas. Even though hepatocytes were not infected the connective tissue nuclei were packed with virions.